Master data

Master Data:

Master data is a pool of data that is going to be centrally in the system and that is available for relevant documents when ever the want to access master data.

Customer master: The customer master record is the basis for all sales transactions as well as deliveries and

payments. It maintains the details of the customer in the form of master data. Every customer master is made up with three (3) sections:

(A) General data [KNA1 – Table]

(B) Company code data [KNB1 – Table]

(C) Sales area data [KNVV – Table]

The customer master partner functions captured into KNPA – Table

The customer master shipping details captured into KNPS – Table

VD01 is the customer record for sales view creation.

XD01 is the central customer master record creation with company code data.

General data section: In general data section data about the customer’s personal details like name, address, and telephone numbers is maintained. The customer number, not by the company code or sales area, only identifies this data.

Important fields:

KUNNR = Customer number

LAND1 = Country key

NAME1 = Name

NAME2 = Name

ORT1 = City

ANRED = Title

STCEG = VAT registration number

Company code data section: 

It is only of interest to the accounting department. It includes information on insurance or account management. This data applies to only one company code. In company code data section data about the reconciliation account number, terms of payment, interest calculation indicator, etc that is related to financial accounting maintained.

Important fields:

AKONT = Reconciliation account number

ZTERM = Payment terms

Sales area data section: In sales area data section data about the customer sales area like sales, shipping, billing, etc data maintained. It is only of interest to the SD area. It includes the data on pricing or shipping. This data only applies to one sales area and therefore is dependent on the sales structure (sales organization, distribution channel,and division) You would not have different customer numbers if your customer is serviced by more than one company code. Nor would you have different customer numbers if your customer is serviced by more than one sales organization.

Important fields: 

VKORG = Sales organization

VTWEG = Distribution Channel

SPART = Division

KALKS = Pricing procedure

KDGRP = Customer group

KONDA = Pricing group

PLTYP = Price list type

INCO1 & 2 = Incoterms

LPRIO = Delivery priority

VSBED = Shipping conditions

WAERS = Currency

KKBER = Credit control area

Account group: FI/CO consultants define account groups for each and every partner function. By using this account group we can control customer master data by changing or assigning field status to each and every field.As every customer master is made up with number of fields. Depending upon the partner function and transaction we assign or change field status to a particular field. Depending upon the field status system prevents the particular field in the customer master while maintaining the customer master data.

The account group defines what fields are available in the customer master records. A sold – to – party only needs sales relevant data. However, a sold – to – party can also be created as all the partner functions. A ship – to – party needs only shipping relevant data, such as unloading points and so on. A payer is the individual or company who settles the invoices for a service or for delivered goods. The bill – to – party need only have the basic data such as address and output fields.

SAP Table                       Field name                                       Description

RF02D                               KUNNR                                              Customer number

RF02D                               VKORG                                              Sales organization 

RF02D                               VTWEG                                              Distribution channel

RF02D                               SPART                                                Division

KNVV                               BZIRK                                                Sales district

KNVV                               VKBUR                                              Sales office 

KNVV                               VKGRP                                               Sales group

KNVV                               KDGRP                                               Customer group

KNVV                               KLABC                                               ABC classification

KNVV                               KONDA                                              Price group 

KNVV                               PLTYP                                                Price list type

KNA1                                BRSCH                                              Industry

KNA1                                BRAN1                                              Industry code

KNA1                                KUKLA                                             Customer classification 

KNVV                               KVGR1                                              Additional data customer group

KNVV                               KVGR2                                              Additional data customer group 

KNVV                               KVGR3                                              Additional data customer group

KNVV                               KVGR4                                              Additional data customer group   

KNVV                               KVGR5                                              Additional data customer group

Partner functions:

In the business every partner while performing business transactions they have to fulfill certain

mandatory functions. They are:

Sold – to – party

Ship – to – party

Bill – to – party

Payer

Standard account group             Partner functions                      Description

0001                                                Sold – to – party                     Who placed the order

0002                                             Ship – to – party                     Who receives the order          0003                                              Bill – to – party                      Who receives the invoice                  0004                                             Payer                                           Who settles the bill

Introduction to SAP

The name SAP, being a German company is an acronym for “System, Anwendungen, and Produkte in Der Datenverarbeitung”. This is translated into English as “Systems, Applications, and Products in Data Processing”.The SAP system consists of complex integration of different modules or aplications, each representing part of the basic business process. SAP runs on a 4th generation programming language called Advanced Business Application Programming (ABAP).

SAP is an Enterprise Resource Planning product capable of integrating multiple business applications with each applicant is representing a specific business area. SAP processes a product that is capable of great depth in specific application area. The SAP Graphical user Interface SAP has also developed a user interface called the SAP graphical user interface (SAPGUI), which runs on Windows 3.1/95/98/NT, Motif, OS/2 presentation manager, and Macintosh. All SAPGUIs look identical,

regardless of the operating system on which they are running. This interface varies according to the version of SAP or SAPGUI you are running; however, the difference in appearance is minimal. The appearance of the screens and means is configurable. The Application Integration SAP is an “Enterprise Resource Planning” (ERP) software product capable of integrating multiple business

applications, with each application representing a specific business area. These applications update and process transactions in real time, thus allowing seemingly effortless integration and communication between areas of a business. Customizing Tools The cornerstone of SAP is its ability to be configured to meet the needs of your business. This is done by customizing or adapting the system to your business requirements, which is the process of mapping SAP to your

business process. Since SAP version 3, the “Reference Implementation Guide” (IMG) for R/3 customizing has been available. Until this version, customizing had to be done in the menu paths of the system with considerably more hassle. This IMG screen is the backbone for SAP and the entries placed in it determine how the system functions. We will be using this screen extensively for the purpose of configuring the SD module. R/3 Applications overview R/3 applications are categorized into 3 core functional areas: Logistics, Financial, and Human Resources of these three functional areas, there is a further subdivision into applications or modules. In addition to these

applications, SAP creates “Industry – Specific Solutions (ISs), which are, as the name defines, created tailor – made

for a specific industry. A few examples of these would be:

IS – OIL = The SAP industry solution for oil companies.

IS – T = The SAP industry solution for Telecommunications.

IS – B = The SAP industry solution for Banks.

IS – Retail = The SAP industry solution for Retail.

In addition to these industry solutions of which there are currently 19, standard cross – application

components are available, such as the SAP business workflow. The following is a brief description and overview of

a few of the major functional areas in SAP.

Financial Applications: This functional area contains the necessary information on profitability analysis, general

ledger accounts, and information on reporting using the “Executive Information system (EIS). This area contains

the following modules:

FI = Financial Accounting

CO = Controlling

EC = Enterprise Controlling

IM = Investment Management

TR = Treasury

Human Resources: This functional area includes support on salary and payroll administration as well as areas such

as work schedule models. This core functional area is very country – specific, due to country – related taxes,

employee benefits, and employment laws. This are contains the following modules:

PA = Personnel Administration

PD = Personnel Development

Logistics Applications: Logistics is the largest of the three functional areas. It includes, among others, the

following modules:

SD = Sales and Distribution

MM = Materials Management

WM = Warehouse Management

PP = Production Planning

LO = General Logistics

QM = Quality Management

The Sales and Distribution module (SD)

SD module integrates with every other R/3 application including FI, CO, MM, PP, and so on. The SD

module is made up of multiple components. Here is a brief list of these:

SD –MD = Master Data

SD – BF = Basic Functions subdivided into multiple components,

such as pricing, output, and so on.

SD – SLS = Sales

SD – SHP = Shipping

SD – TBA = Transportation

SD – FTT = Foreign Trade

SD – BIL = Billing

SD – CAS = Sales support

SD – EDI = Electronic Data Interchange

SD – IS = Information System